How a Car Engine Works

Let’s move on to the outside of the four-stroke cycle when the power center of the engine and a piston goes to the end of its range. Upstroke or downstroke car engines use a four-stroke cycle and it goes like this an intake piston comes down sucks an air fuel mixture from the intake port into the cylinder the next compression when both intake valves are open the piston comes when all valves are closed mixing fuel and air for a more powerful combustion It receives the pulse of power by compressing it, an electric spark ignites the compressed mixture of fuel and air, and the resulting combustion pushes the piston back towards the bottom of the cylinder and a connecting rod transfers this power finally to the crankshaft. exhaust piston comes back pushes spent mixture out through open exhaust valves and exhaust port which connects multiple pistons for smooth power delivery pistons fire in sequence firing order for this engine is one three four two camshafts with specially shaped cams are loaded with push spring valves open in sequence cam sprockets and a timing belt or chain connect everything to the crankshaft and they all spin together the crankshaft transfers piston power out of the engine has counterweights to balance against the pistons for perfectly smooth rotations that’s what rpm stands for we count the exact revolutions per minute of the crankshaft engine block crank It holds the shaft and cylinders and cylinder head valves, bores, cams, etc. a geared flywheel is located on one side of the crankshaft to connect to a transmission, this is also where the starter motor is connected. According to the system, this engine has four cylinders arranged in a single row, but three on each side open in a V shape.

 

What are V6 and V8 engines?

There are many other possible configurations, such as a V-six cylinder or, despite different design goals, a V-eight cylinder. All the basic engine parts are there, now let’s look at the others. In systems that support this combustion process, the air intake air passes through the air filter and enters the intake manifold where it mixes with the fuel, then it is sucked into the cylinders one by one through the intake ports. The fuel pump carries the gas in the tank to the fuel tank through a fuel filter. Engine Cooling, where fuel injectors emit a precisely timed spray of gas into the intake port, engines get very hot during operation and need a cooling system.

Why does the engine need a cooling system?

Coolant passages around the cylinders and inside the cylinder heads carry a special fluid called antifreeze to keep temperatures within the safe operating range. It is called antifreeze because it does not freeze after cooling in icy weather. Hot engine parts coolant circulates inside the radiator the radiator has a network of small tubes and fins, as the coolant passes through these channels air drawn in by the radiator fan is blown in cooling the tubes Hot liquid water pump for circulation keeps the cooling system flowing and properly pressurized thermostat pumps coolant back into the engine cooling regulates fluid temperature by directing it to the radiator or for further cooling electric spark plug conducts the electric spark that ignites the fuel-air mixture the metal core for combustion is insulated from the outer metal casing by porcelain the spark jumps between these conductive surfaces a coil to the spark plugs as directed by the ECM or engine control module The ECM is a computer whose many cores direct the engine’s ignition timing. Valve opening and closing timing, air-fuel ratio, etc. The battery powers the starter motor as the alternator works like a power generator, converting the engine’s mechanical energy into electricity to charge the battery or start other electrical systems while the engine is running.

Why is oil important in the engine ?

Engine oil is used to lubricate, clean, prevent corrosion, improve sealing, and cool the engine by removing heat from moving parts. Rings at the top of the piston head keep oil out of the combustion process while otherwise allowing the cylinder to move. lubricated oil galleries are conduits through the engine block and cylinder head that carry oil to various engine parts oil passes through the engine and returns to the oil pan for circulation the oil remains in the oil pan when not in circulation the oil pump keeps the oil properly pressurized and flowing and the oil filter keeps the oil clean of contaminants in the exhaust The manifold exhausts gases from multiple cylinders into a single pipe, passes through the catalytic converter, which captures the toxic chemicals in the engine exhaust and then exits through a muffler that reduces exhaust noise, and finally you have a fully functional engine with all the basic systems we told you about here

 

 

 

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